Dark Matter Constraints from a Unified Analysis of Strong Gravitational Lenses and Milky Way Satellite Galaxies

Joint analyses of small-scale cosmological structure probes are relatively unexplored and promise to advance measurements microphysical dark matter properties using heterogeneous data. Here, we present a multidimensional analysis substructure strong gravitational lenses the Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxy population, accounting for degeneracies in model predictions covariances constraining power these individual first time. We simultaneously infer projected subhalo number density half-mode mass describing suppression function thermal relic warm (WDM), $M_{\mathrm{hm}}$, semianalytic $\mathrm{\texttt{Galacticus}}$ connect population inferred from MW observations lensing host halo redshift regime. Combining posteriors this parameter space yields $M_{\mathrm{hm}}<10^{7.0}\ M_{\mathrm{\odot}}$ (WDM particle $m_{\mathrm{WDM}}>9.7\ \mathrm{keV}$) at $95\%$ confidence disfavors $M_{\mathrm{hm}}=10^{7.4}\ ($m_{\mathrm{WDM}}=7.4\ with 20:1 marginal likelihood ratio, improving limits on $m_{\mathrm{WDM}}$ set by two methods independently $\sim 30\%$. These results marginalized over line-of-sight contribution signal, halo, efficiency disruption due baryons robust differences between regimes 10\%$ level. This work paves way unified next-generation covering wide range scales redshifts.